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    US Code, Title 23 (2011 edition)

    US Code, Title 23 (2011 edition) — HIGHWAYS

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    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="usc.css" /> <title>U.S.C. Title 23 - HIGHWAYS </title> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-NAME:2006 Edition and Supplement V --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-ID:2006SUPP511 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-YEAR:2011 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:20120103 --> <!-- SEARCHABLE-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:January 3rd, 2012 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-NAME:TITLE 23 - HIGHWAYS --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-ENUM:23 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-STATUS:positive-law --> <!-- CONVERSION-PROGRAM:xy2html.pm-0.371-20120106 --> <!-- CONVERSION-DATETIME:20120412090355 --> </head> <body> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;">23 U.S.C. </span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">United States Code, 2011 Edition</span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">Title 23 - HIGHWAYS</span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, <a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a></span><br/><br/> <div width="700"> <!-- PDFPage:1 --> <!-- documentid:23_ currentthrough:20120103 documentPDFPage:-1 --> <!-- itempath:/230 --> <!-- itemsortkey:230AAAA --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 23-HIGHWAYS --> <!-- field-start:titlehead --> <h1 class="usc-title-head">TITLE 23&mdash;HIGHWAYS</h1> <!-- field-end:titlehead --> <!-- field-start:titleenactmentcredit --> <p class="usc-title-ital-spanner">This title was enacted by Pub. L. 85&ndash;767, &sect;1, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 885</p> <!-- field-end:titleenactmentcredit --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Chap.</div><div class="analysis-head-right">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Federal Aid Highways&nbsp;<sup><a href="#_1_target" name="_1">1</a></sup></div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">101</div></div> </div> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">2.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Other Highways</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">201</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">General Provisions</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">301</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">4.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Highway Safety</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">401</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Research, Technology, and Education</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">501</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">6.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Infrastructure Finance</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">601</div></div> </div> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>2005</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 109&ndash;59, title I, &sect;1602(e)(2), title V, 5201(a)(1), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1248, 1780, added items for chapters 5 and 6 and struck out item for former chapter 5 &ldquo;Research and Technology&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1998</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 105&ndash;178, title V, &sect;5101(1), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 422, added item for chapter 5.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1966</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 89&ndash;564, title I, &sect;102(b)(3), Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 735, added item for chapter 4.</p> <table class="uscdispo2col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title </cap-smallcap>23</caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Title 23 <p class="intabledata">Former&nbsp;Sections</p></em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Title 23 <p class="intabledata">New&nbsp;Sections</p></em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">1</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">2</td> <td class="right">101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">2a</td> <td class="right">101(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">2b</td> <td class="right">101(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">3</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">3a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">3b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">5</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6</td> <td class="right">103(b), (e), 105(c), 121(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">103(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6a</td> <td class="right">103(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6a&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">105(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6a&ndash;2</td> <td class="right">310</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">6c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">7</td> <td class="right">110(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">8</td> <td class="right">109(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">8a</td> <td class="right">109(a), 112(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9</td> <td class="right">301</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9a</td> <td class="right">129(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9a&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9b</td> <td class="right">129(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10</td> <td class="right">109(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">11</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">12</td> <td class="right">105(a), 106(a), (c), 121(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">12a</td> <td class="right">121(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">12b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">13</td> <td class="right">114(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">13&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">112(b), (c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">13a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">13b</td> <td class="right">103(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">14</td> <td class="right">121(a), (b), (e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">14a</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">15</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">16</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">17</td> <td class="right">316</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">18</td> <td class="right">317(a)&ndash;(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">19</td> <td class="right">315</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">20</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">20a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21</td> <td class="right">104(a), (b)(1)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">307(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21a</td> <td class="right">104(b), 105(a), 106(a), 114(a), 118(a), (c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21a&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21a&ndash;2</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21c</td> <td class="right">311</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21d</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21e</td> <td class="right">122</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">22</td> <td class="right">104(e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23</td> <td class="right">101(a), 202(b), 204(a)&ndash;(c), 205(a)&ndash;(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23b</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23b&ndash;1</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23c</td> <td class="right">205(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">24</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">24a</td> <td class="right">109(e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">25</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">26</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">41</td> <td class="right">101(a), 105(e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">41a</td> <td class="right">101(a), 103(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">41b</td> <td class="right">101(a), 103(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">42</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">43</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">44</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">45</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">46</td> <td class="right">See T. 18 &sect;1020</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47&ndash;53</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">54</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">54a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">54b</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">55</td> <td class="right">126</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">55a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">55b</td> <td class="right">126(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">56</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">57</td> <td class="right">314</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">58</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">59</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">59a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">60</td> <td class="right">103(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">61</td> <td class="right">307(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">62</td> <td class="right">318</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">63</td> <td class="right">109(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">64</td> <td class="right">320(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">65</td> <td class="right">320(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">66</td> <td class="right">320(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">67</td> <td class="right">320(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">68</td> <td class="right">320(e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">69</td> <td class="right">320(f)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">70</td> <td class="right">313</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">71</td> <td class="right">303(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">72</td> <td class="right">303 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">73</td> <td class="right">303(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">102</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">103</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">104</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">105</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">106</td> <td class="right">210(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">107</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">108</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">109</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">110</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">111</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">112</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">113</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">114</td> <td class="right">210(e)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">115</td> <td class="right">308(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">116</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">117</td> <td class="right">312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">151(a)</td> <td class="right">104 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">151(b), (c)</td> <td class="right">104(c), 117(a)&ndash;(c), 118(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">152</td> <td class="right">204(f), 205(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">153</td> <td class="right">206(a), 207(a), 208(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154</td> <td class="right">209(a)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">155</td> <td class="right">203</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">156</td> <td class="right">101(b), 103(f), 104(b)(1), 116(d), 119(a), (b), 120(h)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">157</td> <td class="right">103(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(a)</td> <td class="right">101(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(b)</td> <td class="right">101 note<!-- PDFPage:2 --></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(c)</td> <td class="right">104(b)(4)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(d)</td> <td class="right">104(b)(5)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(d)</td> <td class="right">104 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(e)</td> <td class="right">120(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(f), (g)</td> <td class="right">118(c)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(h)</td> <td class="right">115</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(i)</td> <td class="right">109(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(j)</td> <td class="right">127</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158(k)</td> <td class="right">307 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">159</td> <td class="right">107</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160</td> <td class="right">108</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">161</td> <td class="right">124</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">162</td> <td class="right">123</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">163</td> <td class="right">111</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164</td> <td class="right">129(b)&ndash;(d)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">165</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">166</td> <td class="right">113</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">167</td> <td class="right">101(b), 128(a), (b), 304</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">168</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">169 (less last proviso)</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">169 (last proviso)</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">170</td> <td class="right">305</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">171</td> <td class="right">306</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">172</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">173</td> <td class="right">120 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">174</td> <td class="right">307 note</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">175</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> </table> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Citation</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 1 of Pub. L 85&ndash;767, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 885, provided in part that this title may be cited as &ldquo;Title 23, United States Code, &sect;&mdash;&rdquo;.</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-start:repeal-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Repeals</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 2 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;767, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 919, repealed the sections or parts of sections of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large covering provisions codified in this title.</p> <!-- field-end:repeal-note --> <!-- field-start:construction-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Construction</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 3 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;767, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 921, provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(a) If any provision of title 23, as enacted by section 1 of this Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the title and the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(b) The provisions of this Act shall be subject to Reorganization Plan Numbered 5 of 1950 (64 Stat. 1263) [set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].&rdquo;</p> <!-- field-end:construction-note --> <!-- field-start:savingsprovision-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Savings Provision</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 4 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;767, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 921, provided that: &ldquo;Any rights or liabilities now existing under prior Acts or portions thereof shall not be affected by the repeal of such prior Acts or portions under section 2 of this Act.&rdquo;</p> <!-- field-end:savingsprovision-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Recodification of Title 23</h4> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 104&ndash;59, title III, &sect;357(a), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 625, provided that: &ldquo;The Secretary [of Transportation] shall, by March 31, 1997, prepare and submit to Congress a draft legislative proposal of necessary technical and conforming amendments to title 23, United States Code, and related laws.&rdquo;</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 102&ndash;240, title I, &sect;1066, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2006, provided that the Secretary of Transportation was to have prepared, by Oct. 1, 1993, a proposed recodification of title 23, United States Code, and related laws for submission to Congress for consideration, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104&ndash;59, title III, &sect;357(b), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 625.</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- field-start:footnote --> <p class="footnote"><a href="#_1" name="_1_target"><sup>1</sup>&nbsp;So in original. Does not conform to chapter heading.</a></p> <!-- field-end:footnote --> <!-- documentid:23_-ch1 currentthrough:20120103 documentPDFPage:2 --> <!-- itempath:/230/CHAPTER 1 --> <!-- itemsortkey:230AAAB --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 23-HIGHWAYS!@!CHAPTER 1-FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS --> <!-- field-start:structuralhead --> <h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 1&mdash;FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS</strong></h3> <!-- field-end:structuralhead --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">101</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Definitions and declaration of policy.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">102.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Program efficiencies.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">103.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Federal-aid systems.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">104.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Apportionment.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">105.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Equity bonus program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">106.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Project approval and oversight.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">107.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Acquisition of rights-of-way&mdash;Interstate System.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">108.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Advance acquisition of real property.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">109.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Standards.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">110.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Revenue aligned budget authority.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">111.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Agreements relating to use of and access to rights-of-way&mdash;Interstate System.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">112.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Letting of contracts.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">113.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Prevailing rate of wage.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">114.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Construction.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">115.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Advance construction.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">116.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Maintenance.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">117.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">High priority projects program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">118.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Availability of funds.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">119.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Interstate maintenance program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">120.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Federal share payable.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">121.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Payment to States for construction.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">122.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Payments to States for bond and other debt instrument financing.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">123.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Relocation of utility facilities.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">124.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Advances to States.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">125.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Emergency relief.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">126.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">127.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Vehicle weight limitations&mdash;Interstate System.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">128.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Public hearings.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">129.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">130.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Railway-highway crossings.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">131.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Control of outdoor advertising.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">132.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Payments on Federal-aid projects undertaken by a Federal agency.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">133.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Surface transportation program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">134.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Metropolitan transportation planning.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">135.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Statewide transportation planning.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">136.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Control of junkyards.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">137.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Fringe and corridor parking facilities.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">138.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Preservation of parklands.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">139.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Efficient environmental reviews for project decisionmaking.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">140</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Nondiscrimination.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">141.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Enforcement of requirements.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">142.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Public transportation.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">143.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Highway use tax evasion projects.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">144.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Highway bridge program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">145.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Federal-State relationship.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">146.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Carpool and vanpool projects.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">147.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">148.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Highway safety improvement program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">149.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">[150.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right" id="wide">Repealed.]</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">151.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">National bridge inspection program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">152.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Hazard elimination program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">153.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Use of safety belts and motorcycle helmets.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">154.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Open container requirements.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">155.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Access highways to public recreation areas on certain lakes.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">156.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">157.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Safety incentive grants for use of seat belts.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">158.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">National minimum drinking age.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">159.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Revocation or suspension of drivers&rsquo; licenses of individuals convicted of drug offenses.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">160.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Reimbursement for segments of the Interstate System constructed without Federal assistance.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">161.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated minors.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">162.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">National scenic byways program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">163.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Safety incentives to prevent operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated persons.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">164.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence.<!-- PDFPage:3 --></div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">165.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Puerto Rico highway program.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">166.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">HOV facilities.</div></div> </div> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>2008</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 110&ndash;244, title I, &sect;101(m)(3)(C), June 6, 2008, 122 Stat. 1576, struck out &ldquo;replacement and rehabilitation&rdquo; after &ldquo;Highway bridge&rdquo; in item 144.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>2005</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 109&ndash;59, title I, &sect;1801(b), title VI, &sect;6002(c), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1456, 1865, which directed amendment of the analysis for &ldquo;such subchapter&rdquo; by adding items 139 and 147 and by striking out former item 147 &ldquo;Priority primary routes&rdquo;, was executed by making the amendment to the analysis for this chapter which did not contain subchapters to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the amendment by Pub. L. 109&ndash;59, &sect;1602(e)(1). See below.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 109&ndash;59, title I, &sect;1602(b)(6)(A), (e)(1), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1247, before item 101, struck out item for subchapter I &ldquo;GENERAL PROVISIONS&rdquo;, and at end, struck out item for subchapter II &ldquo;INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE&rdquo;, items 181 &ldquo;Definitions&rdquo;, 182 &ldquo;Determination of eligibility and project selection&rdquo;, 183 &ldquo;Secured loans&rdquo;, 184 &ldquo;Lines of credit&rdquo;, 185 &ldquo;Program administration&rdquo;, 186 &ldquo;State and local permits&rdquo;, 187 &ldquo;Regulations&rdquo;, 188 &ldquo;Funding&rdquo;, and 189 &ldquo;Report to Congress&rdquo;, and subchapter I heading &ldquo;GENERAL PROVISIONS&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 109&ndash;59, title I, &sect;&sect;1104(b), 1120(b), 1121(b)(2), 1401(a)(2), 1601(i), title VI, &sect;6001(c), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1165, 1192, 1196, 1225, 1243, 1857, added items 105, 134, 135, 148, 165, 166, and 185 and struck out former items 105 &ldquo;Minimum guarantee&rdquo;, 134 &ldquo;Metropolitan planning&rdquo;, 135 &ldquo;Statewide planning&rdquo;, 148 &ldquo;Development of a national scenic and recreational highway&rdquo;, and 185 &ldquo;Project servicing&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1999</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 106&ndash;159, title I, &sect;102(b), Dec. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1753, struck out item 110 &ldquo;Uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds&rdquo;, added item 126, and made technical amendment to item 163.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1998</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 105&ndash;178, title I, &sect;&sect;1103(<em>l</em>)(5), 1226(d), 1405(b), 1406(b), as added by Pub. L. 105&ndash;206, title IX, &sect;&sect;9002(c)(1), 9003(a), 9005(a), July 22, 1998, 112 Stat. 834, 837, 843, struck out item 126 &ldquo;Diversion&rdquo; and item 150 &ldquo;Allocation of urban system funds&rdquo;, and added items 154 and 164.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 105&ndash;178, title I, &sect;&sect;1104(b), 1105(b), 1106(c)(2)(A), 1114(b)(1), 1203(n), 1219(b), 1301(d)(2), 1303(b), 1305(d), 1310(b), 1403(b), 1404(b), 1503(b), 1601(c), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 129, 131, 136, 154, 179, 221, 226, 227, 229, 235, 240, 241, 250, 256, added item for subchapter I, substituted &ldquo;Minimum guarantee&rdquo; for &ldquo;Programs&rdquo; in item 105, &ldquo;Project approval and oversight&rdquo; for &ldquo;Plans, specifications, and estimates&rdquo; in item 106, &ldquo;Advance acquisition of real property&rdquo; for &ldquo;Advance acquisition of rights-of-way&rdquo; in item 108, and &ldquo;Revenue aligned budget authority&rdquo; for &ldquo;Project agreements&rdquo; in item 110, added item 110 relating to uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds, substituted &ldquo;High priority projects program&rdquo; for &ldquo;Certification acceptance&rdquo; in item 117, made technical amendment to item 134, struck out item 139 &ldquo;Additions to Interstate System&rdquo;, substituted &ldquo;Highway use tax evasion projects&rdquo; for &ldquo;Economic growth center development highways&rdquo; in item 143, &ldquo;Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property&rdquo; for &ldquo;Income from airspace rights-of-way&rdquo; in item 156, and &ldquo;Safety incentive grants for use of seat belts&rdquo; for &ldquo;Minimum allocation&rdquo; in item 157, added items 162 and 163, item for subchapter II, and items 181 to 189, and added subchapter I heading before section 101.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1995</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 104&ndash;59, title II, &sect;205(d)(2), title III, &sect;&sect;311(c), 320(b), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 577, 584, 590, substituted &ldquo;Payments&rdquo; for &ldquo;Payment&rdquo; and &ldquo;and other debt instrument financing&rdquo; for &ldquo;retirement&rdquo; in item 122, struck out item 154 &ldquo;National maximum speed limit&rdquo;, and added item 161.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1991</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 102&ndash;240, title I, &sect;&sect;1007(a)(2), 1008(c), 1009(e)(2), 1014(b), 1016(f)(3), 1024(c)(1), 1025(b), 1031(a)(2), Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 1930, 1933, 1934, 1942, 1946, 1962, 1965, 1973, substituted &ldquo;Program efficiencies&rdquo; for &ldquo;Authorizations&rdquo; in item 102, substituted &ldquo;maintenance program&rdquo; for &ldquo;System resurfacing&rdquo; in item 119, added item 133, substituted &ldquo;Metropolitan planning&rdquo; for &ldquo;Transportation planning in certain urban areas&rdquo; in item 134, substituted &ldquo;Statewide planning&rdquo; for &ldquo;Traffic operations improvement programs&rdquo; in item 135, substituted &ldquo;Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program&rdquo; for &ldquo;Truck lanes&rdquo; in item 149, and added items 153 and 160.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 102&ndash;143, title III, &sect;333(b), (c), Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 947, added item 159 and repealed Pub. L. 101&ndash;516, &sect;333(b), which added former item 159. See 1990 Amendment note below.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1990</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 101&ndash;516, title III, &sect;333(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2186, which added item 159, was repealed by Pub. L. 102&ndash;143, title III, &sect;333(c), Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 947. Section 333(d) of Pub. L. 102&ndash;143 provided that the amendments made by section 333 of Pub. L. 101&ndash;516 shall be treated as having not been enacted into law.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1987</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 100&ndash;17, title I, &sect;&sect;113(d)(2), 114(e)(5), 125(b)(1), 126(b), 133(b)(1), Apr. 2, 1987, 101 Stat. 150, 153, 167, 171, substituted &ldquo;Advance construction&rdquo; for &ldquo;Construction by States in advance of apportionment&rdquo; in item 115, and &ldquo;Availability of funds&rdquo; for &ldquo;Availability of sums apportioned&rdquo; in item 118, struck out &ldquo;and width&rdquo; after &ldquo;Vehicle weight&rdquo; in item 127, substituted &ldquo;Carpool and vanpool projects&rdquo; for identical words in item 146, &ldquo;National bridge inspection program&rdquo; for &ldquo;Pavement marking demonstration program&rdquo; in item 151, and &ldquo;Income from airspace rights-of-way&rdquo; for &ldquo;Highways crossing Federal projects&rdquo; in item 156.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1984</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 98&ndash;363, &sect;6(b), July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 437, added item 158.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1983</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 97&ndash;424, title I, &sect;119(c), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2111, substituted &ldquo;Nondiscrimination&rdquo; for &ldquo;Equal employment opportunity&rdquo; in item 140.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 97&ndash;424, title I, &sect;150(b), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2132, added item 157.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1978</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 95&ndash;599, &sect;&sect;116(c), 124(b), 168(c), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2699, 2705, 2723, substituted &ldquo;Interstate System resurfacing&rdquo; for &ldquo;Repealed&rdquo; in item 119, &ldquo;Highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation program&rdquo; for &ldquo;Special bridge replacement program&rdquo; in item 144, &ldquo;Hazard elimination program&rdquo; for &ldquo;Projects for high-hazard locations&rdquo; in item 152, and &ldquo;Repealed&rdquo; for &ldquo;Program for the elimination of roadside obstacles&rdquo; in item 153.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1976</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 94&ndash;280, title I, &sect;&sect;123(b), 128(b), 132(b), 139, May 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 439&ndash;441, 443, substituted item 135 &ldquo;Traffic operations improvement programs&rdquo; for &ldquo;Urban area traffic operations improvement programs&rdquo;; substituted item 146 &ldquo;Repealed&rdquo; for &ldquo;Special urban high density traffic programs&rdquo;; added item 156 &ldquo;Highways crossing Federal projects&rdquo;; and substituted item lll &ldquo;Agreements relating to use of and access to rights-of-way&mdash;Interstate System&rdquo; for &ldquo;Use of and access to rights-of-way&mdash;Interstate System&rdquo; and substituted items 119 and 133 &ldquo;Repealed&rdquo; for &ldquo;Administration of Federal-aid for highways in Alaska&rdquo; and &ldquo;Relocation assistance&rdquo;, respectively.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1975</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 93&ndash;643, &sect;&sect;107(b), 114(b), 115(b), Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2284, 2286, 2287, substituted item 141 reading &ldquo;Enforcement of requirements&rdquo; for prior text reading &ldquo;Real property acquisition policies&rdquo;, and added items 154 and 155.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1973</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 93&ndash;87, title I, &sect;&sect;116(b), 121(b), 123(b), 125(b), 126(b), 129(c), 142(b), 157(b), title II, &sect;&sect;205(b), 209(b), 210(b), Aug. 13, 1973, 87 Stat. 258, 261, 263, 264, 266, 272, 278, 285, 287, 288, substituted &ldquo;Certification acceptance&rdquo; for &ldquo;Secondary road responsibilities&rdquo; in item 117, &ldquo;Public transportation&rdquo; for &ldquo;Urban highway public transportation&rdquo; in item 142, and added items 145 to 153.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1970</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 91&ndash;605, title I, &sect;&sect;111(b), 127(b), 134(b), title II, &sect;204(b), Dec. 31, 1970, 84 Stat. 1720, 1731, 1734, 1742, added items 142, 143, 144, and substituted &ldquo;Fringe and corridor parking facilities&rdquo; for &ldquo;Limitation on authorization of appropriations for certain purposes&rdquo; in item 137.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1968</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 90&ndash;495, &sect;&sect;10(b), 12(b), 16(b), 22(b), 25(c), 35(b), Aug. 23, 1968, 82 Stat. 820, 822, 823, 827, 829, 836, added items 135, 139, 140, and 141 and substituted &ldquo;Pre<!-- PDFPage:4 -->vailing rate of wage&rdquo; for &ldquo;Prevailing rate of wage&mdash;Interstate System&rdquo; in item 113 and &ldquo;Construction by States in advance of apportionment&rdquo; for &ldquo;Construction by States in advance of apportionment&mdash;Interstate System&rdquo; in item 115.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1966</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 89&ndash;574, &sect;&sect;8(c)(2), 15(b), Sept. 13, 1966, 80 Stat. 769, 771, added items 137 and 138.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 89&ndash;564, title I, &sect;102(b)(1), Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 734, struck out item 135 relating to highway safety programs.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1965</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 89&ndash;285, title I, &sect;102, title II, &sect;202, Oct. 22, 1965, 79 Stat. 1030, 1032, substituted &ldquo;Control of outdoor advertising&rdquo; for &ldquo;Areas adjacent to the Interstate System&rdquo; in item 131, and added item 136.</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 89&ndash;139, &sect;4(b), Aug. 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 579, added item 135.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1962</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 87&ndash;866, &sect;&sect;5(b), 9(b), Oct. 23, 1962, 76 Stat. 1147, 1148, added items 133 and 134.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1960</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 86&ndash;657, &sect;&sect;4(b), 5(b), July 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 523, included ferries in item 129 and added item 132.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:23_101 usckey:230000000010100000000000000000000 currentthrough:20120103 documentPDFPage:4 --> <!-- itempath:/230/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 101 --> <!-- itemsortkey:230AAAC --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 23-HIGHWAYS!@!CHAPTER 1-FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS!@!Sec. 101 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;101. Definitions and declaration of policy</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">(a) <cap-smallcap>Definitions</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;In this title, the following definitions apply:</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) <cap-smallcap>Apportionment</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;apportionment&rdquo; includes unexpended apportionments made under prior authorization laws.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) <cap-smallcap>Carpool project</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;carpool project&rdquo; means any project to encourage the use of carpools and vanpools, including provision of carpooling opportunities to the elderly and individuals with disabilities, systems for locating potential riders and informing them of carpool opportunities, acquiring vehicles for carpool use, designating existing highway lanes as preferential carpool highway lanes, providing related traffic control devices, and designating existing facilities for use for preferential parking for carpools.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(3) <cap-smallcap>Construction</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;construction&rdquo; means the supervising, inspecting, actual building, and incurrence of all costs incidental to the construction or reconstruction of a highway, including bond costs and other costs relating to the issuance in accordance with section 122 of bonds or other debt financing instruments and costs incurred by the State in performing Federal-aid project related audits that directly benefit the Federal-aid highway program. Such term includes&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) locating, surveying, and mapping (including the establishment of temporary and permanent geodetic markers in accordance with specifications of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the Department of Commerce);</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) acquisition of rights-of-way;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(D) relocation assistance, acquisition of replacement housing sites, and acquisition and rehabilitation, relocation, and construction of replacement housing;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(E) elimination of hazards of railway grade crossings;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(F) elimination of roadside obstacles;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(G) improvements that directly facilitate and control traffic flow, such as grade separation of intersections, widening of lanes, channelization of traffic, traffic control systems, and passenger loading and unloading areas; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(H) capital improvements that directly facilitate an effective vehicle weight enforcement program, such as scales (fixed and portable), scale pits, scale installation, and scale houses.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(4) <cap-smallcap>County</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;county&rdquo; includes corresponding units of government under any other name in States that do not have county organizations and, in those States in which the county government does not have jurisdiction over highways, any local government unit vested with jurisdiction over local highways.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(5) <cap-smallcap>Federal-aid highway</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;Federal-aid highway&rdquo; means a highway eligible for assistance under this chapter other than a highway classified as a local road or rural minor collector.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(6) <cap-smallcap>Federal-aid system</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;Federal-aid system&rdquo; means any of the Federal-aid highway systems described in section 103.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(7) <cap-smallcap>Federal lands highway</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;Federal lands highway&rdquo; means a forest highway, public lands highway, park road, parkway, refuge road, and Indian reservation road that is a public road.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(8) <cap-smallcap>Forest development roads and trails</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;forest development roads and trails&rdquo; means forest roads and trails under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(9) <cap-smallcap>Forest highway</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;forest highway&rdquo; means a forest road under the jurisdiction of, and maintained by, a public authority and open to public travel.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(10) <cap-smallcap>Forest road or trail</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;forest road or trail&rdquo; means a road or trail wholly or partly within, or adjacent to, and serving the National Forest System that is necessary for the protection, administration, and utilization of the National Forest System and the use and development of its resources.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(11) <cap-smallcap>Highway</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;highway&rdquo; includes&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) a road, street, and parkway;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) a right-of-way, bridge, railroad-highway crossing, tunnel, drainage structure, sign, guardrail, and protective structure, in connection with a highway; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) a portion of any interstate or international bridge or tunnel and the approaches thereto, the cost of which is assumed by a State transportation department, including such facilities as may be required by the United States Customs and Immigration Services in connection with the operation of an international bridge or tunnel.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(12) <cap-smallcap>Indian reservation road</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;Indian reservation road&rdquo; means a public road that is located within or provides access to an Indian reservation or Indian trust land or restricted Indian land that is not subject to fee title alienation without the approval of the Federal Government, or Indian and Alaska Native villages, groups, or communities in which Indians and Alaskan Natives reside, whom the Secretary of the Interior has determined are eligible for services generally available to Indians under Federal laws specifically applicable to Indians.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(13) <cap-smallcap>Interstate System</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;Interstate System&rdquo; means the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways described in section 103(c).</p> <!-- PDFPage:5 --><p class="statutory-body-1em">(14) <cap-smallcap>Maintenance</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;maintenance&rdquo; means the preservation of the entire highway, including surface, shoulders, roadsides, structures, and such traffic-control devices as are necessary for safe and efficient utilization of the highway.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(15) <cap-smallcap>Maintenance area</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;maintenance area&rdquo; means an area that was designated as a nonattainment area, but was later redesignated by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency as an attainment area, under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7407(d)).</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(16) <cap-smallcap>National Highway System</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;National Highway System&rdquo; means the Federal-aid highway system described in section 103(b).</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(17) <cap-smallcap>Operating costs for traffic monitoring, management, and control</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;operating costs for traffic monitoring, management, and control&rdquo; includes labor costs, administrative costs, costs of utilities and rent, and other costs associated with the continuous operation of traffic control, such as integrated traffic control systems, incident management programs, and traffic control centers.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(18) <cap-smallcap>Operational improvement</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The term &ldquo;operational improvement&rdquo;&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) means (i) a capital improvement for installation of traffic surveillance and control equipment, computerized signal systems, motorist information systems, integrated traffic control systems, incident management programs, and transportation demand man…

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